forked from zhurui/management
491 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
491 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
<p align="center">
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<a href="https://github.com/node-base/base">
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<img height="250" width="250" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/node-base/base/master/docs/logo.png">
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</a>
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</p>
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# base [](https://www.npmjs.com/package/base) [](https://npmjs.org/package/base) [](https://npmjs.org/package/base) [](https://travis-ci.org/node-base/base)
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> base is the foundation for creating modular, unit testable and highly pluggable node.js applications, starting with a handful of common methods, like `set`, `get`, `del` and `use`.
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## Install
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Install with [npm](https://www.npmjs.com/):
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```sh
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$ npm install --save base
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```
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## What is Base?
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Base is a framework for rapidly creating high quality node.js applications, using plugins like building blocks.
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### Guiding principles
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The core team follows these principles to help guide API decisions:
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* **Compact API surface**: The smaller the API surface, the easier the library will be to learn and use.
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* **Easy to extend**: Implementors can use any npm package, and write plugins in pure JavaScript. If you're building complex apps, Base simplifies inheritance.
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* **Easy to test**: No special setup should be required to unit test `Base` or base plugins
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### Minimal API surface
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[The API](#api) was designed to provide only the minimum necessary functionality for creating a useful application, with or without [plugins](#plugins).
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**Base core**
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Base itself ships with only a handful of [useful methods](#api), such as:
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* `.set`: for setting values on the instance
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* `.get`: for getting values from the instance
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* `.has`: to check if a property exists on the instance
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* `.define`: for setting non-enumerable values on the instance
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* `.use`: for adding plugins
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**Be generic**
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When deciding on method to add or remove, we try to answer these questions:
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1. Will all or most Base applications need this method?
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2. Will this method encourage practices or enforce conventions that are beneficial to implementors?
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3. Can or should this be done in a plugin instead?
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### Composability
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**Plugin system**
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It couldn't be easier to extend Base with any features or custom functionality you can think of.
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Base plugins are just functions that take an instance of `Base`:
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```js
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var base = new Base();
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function plugin(base) {
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// do plugin stuff, in pure JavaScript
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}
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// use the plugin
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base.use(plugin);
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```
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**Inheritance**
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Easily inherit Base using `.extend`:
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```js
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var Base = require('base');
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function MyApp() {
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Base.call(this);
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}
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Base.extend(MyApp);
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var app = new MyApp();
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app.set('a', 'b');
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app.get('a');
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//=> 'b';
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```
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**Inherit or instantiate with a namespace**
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By default, the `.get`, `.set` and `.has` methods set and get values from the root of the `base` instance. You can customize this using the `.namespace` method exposed on the exported function. For example:
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```js
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var Base = require('base');
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// get and set values on the `base.cache` object
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var base = Base.namespace('cache');
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var app = base();
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app.set('foo', 'bar');
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console.log(app.cache.foo);
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//=> 'bar'
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```
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## API
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**Usage**
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```js
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var Base = require('base');
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var app = new Base();
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app.set('foo', 'bar');
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console.log(app.foo);
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//=> 'bar'
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```
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### [Base](index.js#L44)
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Create an instance of `Base` with the given `config` and `options`.
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**Params**
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* `config` **{Object}**: If supplied, this object is passed to [cache-base](https://github.com/jonschlinkert/cache-base) to merge onto the the instance upon instantiation.
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* `options` **{Object}**: If supplied, this object is used to initialize the `base.options` object.
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**Example**
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```js
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// initialize with `config` and `options`
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var app = new Base({isApp: true}, {abc: true});
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app.set('foo', 'bar');
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// values defined with the given `config` object will be on the root of the instance
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console.log(app.baz); //=> undefined
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console.log(app.foo); //=> 'bar'
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// or use `.get`
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console.log(app.get('isApp')); //=> true
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console.log(app.get('foo')); //=> 'bar'
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// values defined with the given `options` object will be on `app.options
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console.log(app.options.abc); //=> true
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```
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### [.is](index.js#L107)
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Set the given `name` on `app._name` and `app.is*` properties. Used for doing lookups in plugins.
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**Params**
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* `name` **{String}**
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* `returns` **{Boolean}**
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**Example**
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```js
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app.is('foo');
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console.log(app._name);
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//=> 'foo'
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console.log(app.isFoo);
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//=> true
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app.is('bar');
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console.log(app.isFoo);
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//=> true
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console.log(app.isBar);
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//=> true
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console.log(app._name);
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//=> 'bar'
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```
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### [.isRegistered](index.js#L145)
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Returns true if a plugin has already been registered on an instance.
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Plugin implementors are encouraged to use this first thing in a plugin
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to prevent the plugin from being called more than once on the same
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instance.
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**Params**
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* `name` **{String}**: The plugin name.
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* `register` **{Boolean}**: If the plugin if not already registered, to record it as being registered pass `true` as the second argument.
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* `returns` **{Boolean}**: Returns true if a plugin is already registered.
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**Events**
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* `emits`: `plugin` Emits the name of the plugin being registered. Useful for unit tests, to ensure plugins are only registered once.
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**Example**
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```js
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var base = new Base();
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base.use(function(app) {
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if (app.isRegistered('myPlugin')) return;
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// do stuff to `app`
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});
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// to also record the plugin as being registered
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base.use(function(app) {
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if (app.isRegistered('myPlugin', true)) return;
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// do stuff to `app`
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});
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```
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### [.use](index.js#L175)
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Define a plugin function to be called immediately upon init. Plugins are chainable and expose the following arguments to the plugin function:
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* `app`: the current instance of `Base`
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* `base`: the [first ancestor instance](#base) of `Base`
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**Params**
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* `fn` **{Function}**: plugin function to call
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* `returns` **{Object}**: Returns the item instance for chaining.
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**Example**
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```js
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var app = new Base()
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.use(foo)
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.use(bar)
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.use(baz)
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```
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### [.define](index.js#L197)
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The `.define` method is used for adding non-enumerable property on the instance. Dot-notation is **not supported** with `define`.
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**Params**
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* `key` **{String}**: The name of the property to define.
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* `value` **{any}**
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* `returns` **{Object}**: Returns the instance for chaining.
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**Example**
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```js
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// arbitrary `render` function using lodash `template`
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app.define('render', function(str, locals) {
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return _.template(str)(locals);
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});
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```
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### [.mixin](index.js#L222)
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Mix property `key` onto the Base prototype. If base is inherited using `Base.extend` this method will be overridden by a new `mixin` method that will only add properties to the prototype of the inheriting application.
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**Params**
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* `key` **{String}**
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* `val` **{Object|Array}**
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* `returns` **{Object}**: Returns the `base` instance for chaining.
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**Example**
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```js
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app.mixin('foo', function() {
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// do stuff
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});
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```
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### [.base](index.js#L268)
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Getter/setter used when creating nested instances of `Base`, for storing a reference to the first ancestor instance. This works by setting an instance of `Base` on the `parent` property of a "child" instance. The `base` property defaults to the current instance if no `parent` property is defined.
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**Example**
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```js
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// create an instance of `Base`, this is our first ("base") instance
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var first = new Base();
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first.foo = 'bar'; // arbitrary property, to make it easier to see what's happening later
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// create another instance
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var second = new Base();
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// create a reference to the first instance (`first`)
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second.parent = first;
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// create another instance
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var third = new Base();
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// create a reference to the previous instance (`second`)
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// repeat this pattern every time a "child" instance is created
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third.parent = second;
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// we can always access the first instance using the `base` property
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console.log(first.base.foo);
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//=> 'bar'
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console.log(second.base.foo);
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//=> 'bar'
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console.log(third.base.foo);
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//=> 'bar'
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// and now you know how to get to third base ;)
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```
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### [#use](index.js#L293)
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Static method for adding global plugin functions that will be added to an instance when created.
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**Params**
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* `fn` **{Function}**: Plugin function to use on each instance.
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* `returns` **{Object}**: Returns the `Base` constructor for chaining
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**Example**
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```js
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Base.use(function(app) {
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app.foo = 'bar';
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});
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var app = new Base();
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console.log(app.foo);
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//=> 'bar'
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```
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### [#extend](index.js#L337)
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Static method for inheriting the prototype and static methods of the `Base` class. This method greatly simplifies the process of creating inheritance-based applications. See [static-extend](https://github.com/jonschlinkert/static-extend) for more details.
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**Params**
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* `Ctor` **{Function}**: constructor to extend
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* `methods` **{Object}**: Optional prototype properties to mix in.
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* `returns` **{Object}**: Returns the `Base` constructor for chaining
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**Example**
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```js
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var extend = cu.extend(Parent);
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Parent.extend(Child);
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// optional methods
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Parent.extend(Child, {
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foo: function() {},
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bar: function() {}
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});
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```
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### [#mixin](index.js#L379)
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Used for adding methods to the `Base` prototype, and/or to the prototype of child instances. When a mixin function returns a function, the returned function is pushed onto the `.mixins` array, making it available to be used on inheriting classes whenever `Base.mixins()` is called (e.g. `Base.mixins(Child)`).
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**Params**
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* `fn` **{Function}**: Function to call
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* `returns` **{Object}**: Returns the `Base` constructor for chaining
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**Example**
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```js
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Base.mixin(function(proto) {
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proto.foo = function(msg) {
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return 'foo ' + msg;
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};
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});
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```
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### [#mixins](index.js#L401)
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Static method for running global mixin functions against a child constructor. Mixins must be registered before calling this method.
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**Params**
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* `Child` **{Function}**: Constructor function of a child class
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* `returns` **{Object}**: Returns the `Base` constructor for chaining
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**Example**
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```js
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Base.extend(Child);
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Base.mixins(Child);
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```
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### [#inherit](index.js#L420)
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Similar to `util.inherit`, but copies all static properties, prototype properties, and getters/setters from `Provider` to `Receiver`. See [class-utils](https://github.com/jonschlinkert/class-utils#inherit) for more details.
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**Params**
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* `Receiver` **{Function}**: Receiving (child) constructor
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* `Provider` **{Function}**: Providing (parent) constructor
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* `returns` **{Object}**: Returns the `Base` constructor for chaining
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**Example**
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```js
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Base.inherit(Foo, Bar);
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```
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## In the wild
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The following node.js applications were built with `Base`:
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* [assemble](https://github.com/assemble/assemble)
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* [verb](https://github.com/verbose/verb)
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* [generate](https://github.com/generate/generate)
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* [scaffold](https://github.com/jonschlinkert/scaffold)
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* [boilerplate](https://github.com/jonschlinkert/boilerplate)
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## Test coverage
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```
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Statements : 98.91% ( 91/92 )
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Branches : 92.86% ( 26/28 )
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Functions : 100% ( 17/17 )
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Lines : 98.9% ( 90/91 )
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```
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## History
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### v0.11.2
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* fixes https://github.com/micromatch/micromatch/issues/99
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### v0.11.0
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**Breaking changes**
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* Static `.use` and `.run` methods are now non-enumerable
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### v0.9.0
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**Breaking changes**
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* `.is` no longer takes a function, a string must be passed
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* all remaining `.debug` code has been removed
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* `app._namespace` was removed (related to `debug`)
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* `.plugin`, `.use`, and `.define` no longer emit events
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* `.assertPlugin` was removed
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* `.lazy` was removed
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## About
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### Related projects
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* [base-cwd](https://www.npmjs.com/package/base-cwd): Base plugin that adds a getter/setter for the current working directory. | [homepage](https://github.com/node-base/base-cwd "Base plugin that adds a getter/setter for the current working directory.")
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* [base-data](https://www.npmjs.com/package/base-data): adds a `data` method to base-methods. | [homepage](https://github.com/node-base/base-data "adds a `data` method to base-methods.")
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* [base-fs](https://www.npmjs.com/package/base-fs): base-methods plugin that adds vinyl-fs methods to your 'base' application for working with the file… [more](https://github.com/node-base/base-fs) | [homepage](https://github.com/node-base/base-fs "base-methods plugin that adds vinyl-fs methods to your 'base' application for working with the file system, like src, dest, copy and symlink.")
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* [base-generators](https://www.npmjs.com/package/base-generators): Adds project-generator support to your `base` application. | [homepage](https://github.com/node-base/base-generators "Adds project-generator support to your `base` application.")
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* [base-option](https://www.npmjs.com/package/base-option): Adds a few options methods to base, like `option`, `enable` and `disable`. See the readme… [more](https://github.com/node-base/base-option) | [homepage](https://github.com/node-base/base-option "Adds a few options methods to base, like `option`, `enable` and `disable`. See the readme for the full API.")
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* [base-pipeline](https://www.npmjs.com/package/base-pipeline): base-methods plugin that adds pipeline and plugin methods for dynamically composing streaming plugin pipelines. | [homepage](https://github.com/node-base/base-pipeline "base-methods plugin that adds pipeline and plugin methods for dynamically composing streaming plugin pipelines.")
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* [base-pkg](https://www.npmjs.com/package/base-pkg): Plugin for adding a `pkg` method that exposes pkg-store to your base application. | [homepage](https://github.com/node-base/base-pkg "Plugin for adding a `pkg` method that exposes pkg-store to your base application.")
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* [base-plugins](https://www.npmjs.com/package/base-plugins): Adds 'smart plugin' support to your base application. | [homepage](https://github.com/node-base/base-plugins "Adds 'smart plugin' support to your base application.")
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* [base-questions](https://www.npmjs.com/package/base-questions): Plugin for base-methods that adds methods for prompting the user and storing the answers on… [more](https://github.com/node-base/base-questions) | [homepage](https://github.com/node-base/base-questions "Plugin for base-methods that adds methods for prompting the user and storing the answers on a project-by-project basis.")
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* [base-store](https://www.npmjs.com/package/base-store): Plugin for getting and persisting config values with your base-methods application. Adds a 'store' object… [more](https://github.com/node-base/base-store) | [homepage](https://github.com/node-base/base-store "Plugin for getting and persisting config values with your base-methods application. Adds a 'store' object that exposes all of the methods from the data-store library. Also now supports sub-stores!")
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* [base-task](https://www.npmjs.com/package/base-task): base plugin that provides a very thin wrapper around [https://github.com/doowb/composer](https://github.com/doowb/composer) for adding task methods to… [more](https://github.com/node-base/base-task) | [homepage](https://github.com/node-base/base-task "base plugin that provides a very thin wrapper around <https://github.com/doowb/composer> for adding task methods to your application.")
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### Contributing
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Pull requests and stars are always welcome. For bugs and feature requests, [please create an issue](../../issues/new).
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### Contributors
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| **Commits** | **Contributor** |
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| --- | --- |
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| 141 | [jonschlinkert](https://github.com/jonschlinkert) |
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| 30 | [doowb](https://github.com/doowb) |
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| 3 | [charlike](https://github.com/charlike) |
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| 1 | [criticalmash](https://github.com/criticalmash) |
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| 1 | [wtgtybhertgeghgtwtg](https://github.com/wtgtybhertgeghgtwtg) |
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### Building docs
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_(This project's readme.md is generated by [verb](https://github.com/verbose/verb-generate-readme), please don't edit the readme directly. Any changes to the readme must be made in the [.verb.md](.verb.md) readme template.)_
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To generate the readme, run the following command:
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```sh
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$ npm install -g verbose/verb#dev verb-generate-readme && verb
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```
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### Running tests
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Running and reviewing unit tests is a great way to get familiarized with a library and its API. You can install dependencies and run tests with the following command:
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```sh
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$ npm install && npm test
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```
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### Author
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**Jon Schlinkert**
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* [github/jonschlinkert](https://github.com/jonschlinkert)
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* [twitter/jonschlinkert](https://twitter.com/jonschlinkert)
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### License
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Copyright © 2017, [Jon Schlinkert](https://github.com/jonschlinkert).
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Released under the [MIT License](LICENSE).
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***
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_This file was generated by [verb-generate-readme](https://github.com/verbose/verb-generate-readme), v0.6.0, on September 07, 2017._ |